Inkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo, ngendlela emxinwa, yenziwe zizixhobo zomthombo womoya, izixhobo zokucoca umthombo womoya kunye nemibhobho enxulumene nayo. Ngokubanzi, izinto ezincedisayo zomoya, ii-actuators zomoya, izinto zokulawula umoya, izinto zomoya, njl. zonke ziyinxalenye yodidi lwenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, izixhobo zesikhululo se-air compressor yinkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo ngendlela emxinwa. Umfanekiso olandelayo ubonisa itshathi eqhelekileyo yokuhamba kwenkqubo yomoya ocinezelweyo:
Izixhobo zomthombo womoya (i-air compressor) zifunxa umoya okwimo yendalo, zicinezele umoya okwimo yendalo uye emoyeni ocinezelweyo ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye zisusa umswakama, ioyile kunye nokunye ukungcola emoyeni ocinezelweyo ngezixhobo zokucoca.
Umoya kwindalo wenziwe ngumxube weegesi ezahlukeneyo (O₂, N₂, CO₂…njl.), kwaye umphunga wamanzi ngomnye wazo. Umoya onomphunga wamanzi othile ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya ofumileyo, kwaye umoya ongenawo umphunga wamanzi ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya owomileyo. Umoya osingqongileyo ngumoya ofumileyo, ngoko ke indawo yokusebenza yecompressor yomoya ngumoya ofumileyo ngokwendalo.
Nangona umxholo womphunga wamanzi womoya ofumileyo umncinci, umxholo wawo unempembelelo enkulu kwiimpawu zomzimba zomoya ofumileyo. Kwinkqubo yokucoca umoya ofumileyo, ukomiswa komoya ofumileyo yenye yezona zinto ziphambili.
Phantsi kweemeko ezithile zobushushu kunye noxinzelelo, umxholo womphunga wamanzi emoyeni ofumileyo (oko kukuthi, ubuninzi bomphunga wamanzi) ulinganiselwe. Kwiqondo elithile lobushushu, xa ubungakanani bomphunga wamanzi obuqulethwe bufikelela kumxholo ophezulu onokwenzeka, umoya ofumileyo ngeli xesha ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya ofumileyo. Umoya ofumileyo ongenawo umxholo ophezulu onokwenzeka womphunga wamanzi ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya ongafumanga.
Ngethuba umoya ongagcwaliyo uba ngumoya ogcweleyo, amathontsi amanzi angamanzi aya kuxinana emoyeni ofumileyo, obizwa ngokuba yi-"condensation". Ukuxinana kuqhelekile. Umzekelo, ukufuma komoya kuphezulu ehlotyeni, kwaye kulula ukwenza amathontsi amanzi kumphezulu wombhobho wamanzi. Ngentsasa yasebusika, amathontsi amanzi aya kuvela kwiifestile zeglasi zabahlali. Zonke ezi zenziwa kukuphola komoya ofumileyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. Iziphumo zeLu.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, ubushushu apho umoya ongagcwaliyo ufikelela khona kugcwala bubizwa ngokuba yi-dew point xa uxinzelelo oluncinci lomphunga wamanzi lugcinwa lungaguquki (oko kukuthi, umxholo wamanzi opheleleyo uhlala ungaguquki). Xa ubushushu buhla bufikelela kubushushu be-dew point, kuya kubakho "ukufuma".
Incopho yombethe yomoya ofumileyo ayinxulumananga nje kuphela nobushushu, kodwa ikwanxulumene nobungakanani bomswakama emoyeni ofumileyo. Incopho yombethe iphezulu ngomthamo wamanzi aphezulu, kwaye incopho yombethe iphantsi ngomthamo wamanzi aphantsi.
Ubushushu be-dew point bubaluleke kakhulu kubunjineli be-compressor. Umzekelo, xa ubushushu be-outlet ye-compressor yomoya buphantsi kakhulu, umxube we-oyile-gesi uya kuxinana ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi kwi-oyile-gas barrel, nto leyo eya kwenza i-oyile yokuthambisa ibe namanzi kwaye ichaphazele isiphumo sokuthambisa. Ngoko ke, ubushushu be-outlet ye-compressor yomoya kufuneka buyilwe ukuba bungabi ngaphantsi kobushushu be-dew point phantsi koxinzelelo oluncinci oluhambelanayo.
I-atmospheric dew point yi-atmospheric point lobushushu phantsi koxinzelelo lomoya. Ngokufanayo, i-pressure dew point ibhekisa kwi-dew point lobushushu lomoya oxinzelelo.
Ubudlelwane obuhambelanayo phakathi kwendawo yoxinzelelo kunye nendawo yoxinzelelo eqhelekileyo yombethe bunxulumene nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo. Phantsi kwendawo yoxinzelelo efanayo, okukhona umlinganiselo woxinzelelo umkhulu, kokukhona indawo yoxinzelelo eqhelekileyo yombethe iphantsi.
Umoya ocinezelweyo ophuma kwi-compressor yomoya ungcolile. Izinto ezingcolisayo eziphambili zezi: amanzi (amathontsi amanzi alulwelo, inkungu yamanzi kunye nomphunga wamanzi ophuma kwigesi), inkungu yeoyile eseleyo yokuthambisa (amathontsi eoyile enkungu kunye nomphunga weoyile), ukungcola okuqinileyo (udaka lomhlwa, umgubo wesinyithi, iifine zerabha, amasuntswana etha kunye nezinto zokucoca, umgubo ocolekileyo wezinto zokuvala, njl.njl.), ukungcola kweekhemikhali okuyingozi kunye nokunye ukungcola.
Ioyile yokuthambisa eyonakeleyo iya konakalisa irabha, iplastiki, kunye nezinto zokutywina, nto leyo ebangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweevalvu kunye neemveliso ezingcolisayo. Ukufuma kunye nothuli kuya kubangela ukuba iindawo zesinyithi kunye neepayipi zigqwale kwaye zibole, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iindawo ezihambayo zibambeke okanye ziguge, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto eziphuma emoyeni zingasebenzi kakuhle okanye zivuthele umoya. Ukufuma kunye nothuli kuya kuvala imingxunya yokubhoboza okanye izikrini zesihluzi. Emva kokuba umkhenkce ubangela ukuba umbhobho uqine okanye uqhekeke.
Ngenxa yomgangatho womoya ophantsi, ukuthembeka kunye nobomi benkonzo yenkqubo yomoya buncitshiswa kakhulu, kwaye ilahleko ezivelayo zihlala zidlula kakhulu iindleko kunye neendleko zokugcinwa kwesixhobo sonyango lomthombo womoya, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhetha ngokuchanekileyo inkqubo yonyango lomthombo womoya.
Ziziphi iimithombo eziphambili zokufuma emoyeni ocinezelweyo?
Umthombo ophambili womswakama emoyeni oxinzelelweyo ngumphunga wamanzi ofunxwa yi-air compressor kunye nomoya. Emva kokuba umoya ofumileyo ungene kwi-air compressor, umphunga wamanzi omninzi ucinezelwa emanzini angamanzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxinzelela, nto leyo eya kunciphisa kakhulu ukufuma komoya oxinzelelweyo kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-air compressor.
Umzekelo, xa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luyi-0.7MPa kwaye umswakama womoya ophefumlwayo ungama-80%, nangona umoya ophuma kwi-compressor yomoya ugcwele phantsi koxinzelelo, ukuba uguqulwa ube kwimeko yoxinzelelo lomoya ngaphambi koxinzelelo, umswakama wawo ungama-6 ~ 10% kuphela. Oko kukuthi, umxholo womswakama womoya oxinzelelweyo uncitshisiwe kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ubushushu busiya buhla kancinci kwipayipi yegesi nakwizixhobo zegesi, amanzi amaninzi angamanzi aya kuqhubeka exinana emoyeni oxinzelelweyo.
Ibangelwa njani i-oyile emoyeni oxinzelelweyo?
Ioyile yokuthambisa yecompressor yomoya, umphunga weoyile kunye namaconsi eoyile axhonyiweyo emoyeni ojikelezileyo kunye neoyile yokuthambisa yezixhobo zomoya ezikwinkqubo zezona mithombo ziphambili zongcoliseko lweoyile emoyeni ocinezelweyo.
Ngaphandle kwee-centrifugal kunye nee-diaphragm air compressors, phantse zonke ii-air compressors ezisetyenziswayo ngoku (kuquka nee-air compressors ezahlukeneyo ezingena-oyile) ziya kuba ne-oyile engcolileyo okanye engcolileyo (amaconsi eoli, inkungu yeoli, umphunga yeoli kunye nokuqhekeka kwekhabhoni) kwipayipi yegesi.
Ubushushu obuphezulu begumbi lokuxinzelela le-air compressor buya kubangela ukuba malunga ne-5% ~ 6% yeoyile inyibilike, iqhekeke kwaye inyibilike, ize idibane eludongeni lwangaphakathi lombhobho we-air compressor ngohlobo lwefilimu yekhabhoni kunye ne-varnish, kwaye iqhezu lokukhanya liya kuxhonywa ngohlobo lomphunga kunye ne-micro. Uhlobo lwento luziswa kwinkqubo ngumoya oxinzezelweyo.
Ngamafutshane, kwiinkqubo ezingadingi zinto zokuthambisa ngexesha lokusebenza, zonke iioyile kunye nezinto zokuthambisa ezixutywe emoyeni ocinezelweyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zinokuthathwa njengezinto ezingcoliswe yioyile. Kwiinkqubo ezifuna ukongeza izinto zokuthambisa ngexesha lomsebenzi, zonke iipeyinti ezichasene nomhlwa kunye neoyile yecompressor equlethwe emoyeni ocinezelweyo zithathwa njengokungcola kongcoliseko lweoyile.
Ukungcola okuqinileyo kungena njani emoyeni ocinezelweyo?
Imithombo ephambili yokungcola okuqinileyo emoyeni oxinzelelweyo yile:
①Umoya ojikelezileyo uxutywe nokungcola okwahlukeneyo kobukhulu obahlukeneyo bezinto ezincinci. Nokuba i-air compressor suction port ixhotyiswe ngesihluzo somoya, ngokuqhelekileyo ukungcola "kwe-aerosol" okungaphantsi kwe-5 μm kusenokungena kwi-air compressor enomoya ophefumliweyo, kuxutywe neoyile namanzi kumbhobho wokukhupha umoya ngexesha lenkqubo yokucinezela.
②Xa i-air compressor isebenza, ukungqubana nokungqubana phakathi kwamacandelo ahlukeneyo, ukuguga nokuwa kwezitywini, kunye nokufakwa kwe-carbonization kunye nokuqhekeka kweoyile yokuthambisa kubushushu obuphezulu kuya kubangela ukuba amasuntswana aqinileyo anjengeesuntswana zesinyithi, uthuli ngerabha kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-carbonaceous kungeniswe kumbhobho wegesi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-18-2023
